Isiteshi sohlobo lwebhokisi
Isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi sihlanganisa amathuluzi ayisisekelo kagesi aphezulu naphansi, i-transformer kanye nempahla yesibili ibe yibhokisi elingaphandle elinengqimba ephindwe kabili, elivaliwe, elimelana nokugqwala kanye neligudlukayo embonini.
Isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi, esaziwa nangokuthi isiteshi esincane esenziwe ngaphambili noma isiteshi esincane esenziwe ngaphambili.Iwumshini wefekthri owakhelwe ngaphambili ngaphakathi nangaphandle ohlanganisa amandla okusabalalisa amandla ahlanganisiwe owakhiwe ama-switchgear aphezulu, ama-transformer okusabalalisa kanye namadivayisi okusabalalisa amandla aphansi, ahlelwa ngokohlelo oluthile lwezintambo.Okusho ukuthi, imisebenzi yokunciphisa i-voltage ye-transformer kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi aphansi kuhlanganiswe ngokuphilayo futhi kufakwe endaweni yokuvikela umswakama, ukufakazela ukugqwala, ukufakazela uthuli, ukufakazela amagundane, ukuvikela umlilo, ukulwa nokweba, ukuvikela ukushisa, kuvalwe ngokugcwele. kanye nebhokisi lesakhiwo sensimbi ehambayo, elifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukwakhiwa kwegridi yasemadolobheni kanye noguquko.Yisiteshi esisha sha ngemva kwesiteshi somphakathi.Isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi sisebenza ezimayini, izimboni, izizinda zikawoyela negesi kanye neziteshi zamandla omoya.Ingena esikhundleni segumbi lokuqala lokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi kanye nesiteshi sokusabalalisa futhi ibe isethi entsha ephelele yokuguqula nokusabalalisa ugesi.
Isakhiwo sesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi
Isakhiwo sonke sebhokisi lesiguquli sihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezintathu: i-high-voltage switchgear, i-transformer kanye nedivayisi yokusabalalisa amandla aphansi-voltage.
Ngokwezidingo zohlelo, i-sulphur hexafluoride noma i-vacuum circuit breaker, iswishi yenethiwekhi eyindandatho, ukushintsha komthwalo kanye nefuse kungakhethwa uma kushintshwa amandla kagesi aphezulu.
Idivayisi yokulinganisa ingafakwa futhi ohlangothini lwengcindezi ephezulu.Iswishi eyinhloko kanye neswishi ye-shunt feeder ngokuvamile kufakwa ohlangothini lwe-voltage ephansi, futhi amanye afaka kuphela amaswishi okuphakela ukuze aphakele ngokuqondile abasebenzisi betheminali yamandla aphansi.Ama-capacitor esinxephezelo namadivayisi okulinganisa nawo angafakwa.Isiguquli sokusabalalisa ngokuvamile sicwiliswa uwoyela noma uhlobo olomile.
Igumbi lamandla kagesi aphezulu lesiteshi esincane saseYurophu sohlobo lwebhokisi ngokuvamile lakhiwa i-high-voltage load switch, i-fuse yamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nesibambisi sombani, esingamisa futhi sidlulise amandla futhi sibe nokuvikela okuchichimayo kanye nesiyingi esifushane.Igumbi lamandla kagesi aphansi lakhiwe. ye-low-voltage air switch, i-transformer yamanje, i-ammeter, i-voltmeter, njll. Ama-Transformer ngokuvamile acwiliswa uwoyela noma uhlobo olomile..
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zebhokisi, okungukuthi "mu" kanye "nophini".Amakamelo kagesi aphezulu naphansi ahlelwe ngendlela ethi "mu" abanzi, alungele ukuqaphela uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla enethiwekhi yendandatho yenethiwekhi yendandatho noma uxhumano lokuphakela amandla oluphindwe kabili.
Isakhiwo se-American box type combination transformer sihlukaniswe izingxenye zangaphambili nangemuva.Ingxenye engaphambili iyikhabhinethi ehlanganayo.Ikhabhinethi ye-junction ihlanganisa amatheminali aphezulu naphansi kagesi, ama-switch load-high-voltage, ama-plug-in fuse, izibambo ezisebenzayo zama-high-voltage tap changeers, amamitha wezinga likawoyela, amamitha okushisa kawoyela, njll;Ingxenye engemuva ingumzimba wethangi likawoyela kanye nosinki wokushisa.I-transformer winding, i-iron core, i-high-voltage load switch kanye ne-plug-in fuse konke kuthangi likawoyela.Ibhokisi lamukela isakhiwo esivalwe ngokugcwele.Isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi esihlanganisiwe sisanda kuthuthukiswa abakhiqizi basekhaya futhi asisetshenziswa kakhulu.Kuyisakhiwo esinezingqimba ezimbili ezinamakamelo anamandla aphezulu naphansi abekwe egumbini le-transformer.
Uhlobo lwaseYurophu, uhlobo lwaseMelika kanye nebhokisi elihlanganisiwe le-transformer linezinzuzo zabo kanye nokubi.I-European type box transformer inevolumu enkulu.Amaswishi ane-voltage ephezulu kanye ne-low-voltage kanye nama-transformer atholakala kugobolondo elikhulu.Izimo zokukhipha ukushisa zimbi, futhi imishini yokukhipha umoya idinga ukufakwa.Ngenxa yokuthi amaphiko okupholisa e-transformer ahlakaza ukushisa ngaphandle, izimo zokupholisa ze-American type box transformer zihle kakhulu, kodwa ukwakheka kwayo kubi kakhulu kunohlobo lwaseYurophu, futhi ukubukeka kwayo kunzima ukuhambisana nemvelo eluhlaza. zezindawo zokuhlala.I-transformer yebhokisi edidiyelwe ithatha umhlaba omncane, futhi izinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi zifana nalezo ze-American box transformer.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-American and integrated box type transformers angenziwa kuphela e-China enamandla angaphansi kuka-630kVA, kuyilapho ama-transformer ohlobo lwebhokisi aseYurophu angafinyelela ku-1250kva.
Amamodeli esiteshi esincane sebhokisi elijwayelekile ahlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu:
(1) Imodeli ye-switchgear ephezulu kagesi;
(2) Imodeli yekhabethe ye-transformer eyomile;
(3) Imodeli ye-switchgear kagesi ephansi.
Incazelo yezimpawu zezinhlamvu ezintathu zokuqala ithi:
Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe Z;Isiteshi esincane se-B;N (W) - endlini (ngaphandle, ozikhethela);Uhlobo lwebhokisi le-X;I-Y-mobile.
Ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwesiteshi esincane sebhokisi
（一）Izimfuneko eziyisisekelo zokusebenza kwesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi
1, Iphansi okubekwa kulo okokusebenza kohlobo lwebhokisi kufanele libe sendaweni ephakeme kunokuba ibe sendaweni ephansi, ukuze kuvinjwe amanzi emvula ukuthi atheleke ebhokisini futhi aphazamise ukusebenza.Lapho uphonsa isiteji sikakhonkolo, igebe kufanele ligcinwe ukuze kube lula ukubekwa kwezintambo.
2, Kufanele kube nokuxhumana okubili okuthembekile phakathi kwebhokisi negridi yaphansi.Ukuxhumana okuphansi nokungathathi hlangothi kwebhokisi le-transformer kungabelana ngegridi yaphansi efanayo.Igridi yaphansi ngokuvamile ixhunywa ngezinqwaba zokubeka phansi emagumbini amane esisekelo.
I-3, Izinto ezisetshenziswayo akufanele zipakishwe embonweni wemishini yohlobo lwebhokisi ngokuphulwa kwemithethonqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena komoya kwemishini kagesi kanye nezidingo zokuhlolwa kokusebenza.I-box type transformer izopholiswa ngokujikeleza komoya kwemvelo, futhi umnyango wegumbi le-transformer akufanele uvinjelwe.
I-4, I-switch yenethiwekhi yendandatho, i-transformer, isibambisi sombani nezinye izinto zokusebenza kudivayisi yokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphezulu kufanele ihlolwe futhi inakekelwe.Amaphutha atholakele azolungiswa ngesikhathi.Ukuhlolwa kwe-proventive insulation kumele kwenziwe njalo.Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, i-interlock yomshini kufanele ikhishwe kahle futhi i-insulation rod izosetshenziselwa ukusebenza.
(二)Ukugada nokugcinwa kwebhokisi le-transformer ibhokisi le-transformer lizohlola njalo (hhayi ngaphansi kanye ngenyanga) ngokuya ngomjikelezo wokugada nowokulungisa, lihlole izinga lokushisa ekuxhumekeni kwamatheminali ekhebula, lihlole ukusebenza kwemishini, bese liqhuba. ukuhlolwa uma kunesidingo.
Izinto zokugada ezijwayelekile zimi kanje:
1, Ukuthi isisekelo sibambeke ngokuqinile, izimbobo zivalekile, nokuthi ikhabhinethi inomswakama yini.
2, Ukuthi idivayisi yokubeka phansi iphelele futhi ixhumeke kahle, nokuthi ukumelana nokubekwa phansi kuyahlangabezana yini nezidingo.
3, Ukuthi imvelo yangaphandle ishintshile, nokuthi ingabe ithinte ukuphepha kwethrafikhi nabahamba ngezinyawo.
4, Hlola umthwalo wesiphakeli ngasinye, ukuthi umthwalo wezigaba ezintathu ulinganiselwe noma ulayishwe ngokweqile, noma ngabe indawo yokuvula nokuvala iswishi, inkomba yensimbi ilungile, nokuthi idivayisi yokulawula isebenza ngokujwayelekile yini.
5, Ukususwa kothuli kwebhokisi lesiguquli: ingaphakathi lebhokisi lesiguquli lizohlanzwa njalo ngemva konyaka.Ingaphezulu lekhabhinethi nebhokisi legesi lamagumbi e-HV kanye ne-LV lingasulwa ngendwangu emanzi.I-transformer ekamelweni le-transformer kufanele ihlanzwe ngokuvuthela komoya noma iqoqo lothuli.
6, Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kanye nokulungiswa kabusha kwefeni hlola ukusebenza kwefeni.Uma ingasebenzi, sebenzisa isilawuli sezinga lokushisa nokuswakama ukuze uyilungise ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elikhona futhi uqale ifeni ukuze ihlolwe.
7, Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa komshini wokusebenza kagesi we-switch high-voltage kanye ne-low-voltage switch
(1) Hlola ukuthi isikhombisi se-barometer sisendaweni eluhlaza yini.Uma isendaweni ebomvu, vula futhi uvale i-barometer.Ngokushesha yazisa umenzi ukuthi abhekane nakho.
(2) Ukuze kugcotshwe izingxenye zemishini, amafutha e-lithium jikelele (amafutha) angasetshenziselwa ukuvula nokuvala ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ngemva kokugcotshwa.
(3) Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwekhebula nesibambisi sombani ngokuya ngezidingo zokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kokufakwa ngaphakathi kanye nokuhlolwa kwamanje kokuvuza kuzokwenziwa ngekhebula nesibambisi sombani.
8, Ukuhlolwa kwesimiso esisizayo: ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama wesilawuli;Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwedivayisi ye-alamu yentuthu;Ukuqiniswa nokuhlolwa komugqa wetheminali: ukuqiniswa nokuhlolwa kwezingxenye ezijwayelekile.
9, Ukugcinwa komugqa wetheminali: umucu wetheminali ungase uxege ngenxa yokwanda okushisayo nokufinyela okubandayo.Wonke amatheminali egunjini letheminali kufanele aqiniswe kabusha phakathi nokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke kokugada.Qaphela: ngaphambi kokuqinisa futhi, sicela uqinisekise ukuthi isekethe ye-ac eyinhloko kanye nesekhethi yokulawula yesibili kucishiwe ukuze kugwenywe ukushaqeka kukagesi!
10, Izinyathelo zokuqapha ukugcinwa kwesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi
(1) Umnyango wesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi ufakwe indlela yokuvikela umoya, okuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi igcinwa isesimweni esivuleke ngokugcwele.Lapho uvala umnyango wesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi, impande yendlela yobufakazi bomoya kufanele iphakanyiselwe phezulu, bese umnyango awukwazi ukuhudulwa ngomshini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka komshini noma umnyango, okuzothinta ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kohlobo lwebhokisi. isiteshi esingaphansi!
(2) Ngemva kokuqedwa komsebenzi wendawo owenziwe ngesandla weswishi yomthwalo wamandla kagesi aphezulu, buyisela isibambo sokusebenzisa iswishi yokulayisha kubakaki besibambo ngaphakathi komnyango ongaphandle ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa.
(3) Lapho isekethe yokusekelayo yekhabhinethi eyinhloko yendandatho enamandla kagesi ingaxhunywanga nezintambo okwamanje, isekethe yokusekelayo izokhiywa ngaphambi kokuba ikhabhinethi eyinhloko yendandatho ivulwe, noma umbambi wekhebula uzovinjwa ngokuhambisanayo. insulating cap ukugwema izingozi!
(4) Isivalo sothuli esifakwe ikhabethe elikhulu lendandatho lapho isiguquli sebhokisi siphuma efekthri asikwazi ukufaka isivalo se-insulating!
(5) Ayivunyelwe ukufaka noma iyiphi ipulaki yesiyingi esifushane emgodini wokuhlola phakathi nokusebenza.Uma kungenjalo, inzwa ye-voltage izolimala.
(6) Isixhumi esine-voltage ephansi singasetshenziswa kuphela uma sisendaweni evuliwe.Ungawudonsi ngamandla
Ukusebenza okulungile kwesiteshi sohlobo lwebhokisi
1, Ukuvala ukusebenza
Vala umnyango wegumbi lekhebula --- hlukanisa iswishi yaphansi --- vala iswishi yokulayisha.
2. Umsebenzi wokuvula
Hlukanisa iswishi yokulayisha --- vala iswishi yaphansi --- vula umnyango wegumbi lekhebula.
Amanothi ngesikhathi sokusebenza
(1) Lapho wenza umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala weswishi yokulayisha, inkinobho kufanele iphushelwe endaweni yokugcina yokuvula noma yokuvala.Ungakhululi noma ukhiphe isibambo sokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba iswishi iqedele isenzo sayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubopha kabusha kwentwasahlobo kuzolimaza u-opharetha.
(2) Ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvalwa kokushintshwa komthwalo, isibambo sokusebenza sizophendulelwa ngaphandle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwabasebenza.
(3) Ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala weswishi yokulayisha, inkinobho yokushintsha imanuwali kagesi engxenyeni engenhla kwesokunxele sephaneli yeyunithi ehambisanayo kufanele ikhishwe futhi ijikelezwe ngo-90 ° ibekwe endaweni yesandla ngaphambi kokusebenza kwesandla komshini wokulayisha. kungenziwa, ngaphandle kwalokho umshini ungalimala.
Izimbangela kanye nokuxazululwa kwezinkinga ze-fault Phenomena
(1)Isiphakeli sesekhethi yozimele asikwazi ukuvalwa
1.Lawula ukwehluleka kwesekethe.
2.Ngemva kwezenzo zokukhishwa ezihlakaniphile, inkinobho ebomvu kuphaneli ayibeki kabusha.
3.Indlela yokugcina amandla ayigcini amandla
Indlela yokukhipha
1.Hlola indawo evulekile nge-multimeter.
2.Thola imbangela yokukhubeka bese ucindezela inkinobho yokusetha kabusha ngemva kokuxazulula inkinga.
3.Isitoreji samandla okwenziwa ngesandla noma sikagesi.
(2)I-circuit breaker yecala elibunjiwe ayikwazi ukuvalwa
1.Umshini awusethwa kabusha ngemuva kokukhubeka.
2.I-circuit breaker ifakwe ikhoyili ye-undervoltage futhi akukho ukunikezwa kwamandla ekugcineni okungenayo.
Indlela yokukhipha
1.Thola imbangela yokukhubeka futhi usethe kabusha ngemuva kokuxazulula inkinga
2.Faka amandla ekugcineni okungenayo, setha kabusha isibambo, bese uyasivula.
(3)I-circuit breaker iyahamba uma ivaliwe.
Kukhona isekethe emfushane kusekethe ephumayo
Indlela yokukhipha
Ayivunyelwe ukuvula ngokuphindaphindiwe.Iphutha kufanele litholakale futhi livalwe futhi ngemuva kokuxazulula inkinga.
(4) Ikhabhinethi ye-capacitor ayikwazi ukukhokhela ngokuzenzakalelayo.
1.Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesifunda sokulawula kuyanyamalala.
2.Ulayini wesiginali wamanje awuxhumekile kahle.
Indlela yokukhipha
Hlola isifunda sokulawula futhi ubuyisele ukunikezwa kwamandla.
Ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi
Ukwakhiwa kwedivayisi ephansi esiteshini sohlobo lwebhokisi
1, Isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi sizungezwe igridi yaphansi, exhunywe kugridi yaphansi yezakhiwo ezizungezile.
2, Izimfuneko zokujula ezingcwatshiwe kanye nezidingo zokushisela zamadivayisi aphansi azohlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama kanye nokucaciswa okufanele.
I-3, Ngemva kokufakwa kwedivayisi yokumisa phansi, ukumelana nesisekelo kungahlolwa kuphela esimweni sezulu esishisayo futhi lapho umswakama ophansi ufinyelela ezibekiweko.Uma kukhona idivayisi yokubeka phansi inani layo lokumelana nesisekelo lingahlangabezani nezidingo, i-electrode ehambisanayo yaphansi kanye nebhasi eliphansi kuzokwengezwa njengoba kudingekile kuze kube yilapho inani lokumelana nesisekelo lihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama.
I-4, Ukuxhumana phakathi kwedivayisi yokubeka phansi kanye nemishini kuyoba okuthembekile futhi kube kuhle.
Ukufakwa nokwakhiwa kwesiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi langaphandle
1, Isicelo sokugunyazwa: oda izinto ezihambisanayo kanye nemishini ngokwezidingo zebhokisi lohlobo lwemidwebo yesiteshi esincane kanye nezidingo zokusebenzisa ezinikezwe umkhiqizi wesiteshi esincane sebhokisi, futhi unikeze imodeli yemishini emnyangweni wokuphakela amandla ukuze ugunyazwe ngaphambi koku-oda ama-transformer. ebhokisini uhlobo lwesiteshi esincane.
2, Izintambo: indawo engenayo efanelekile yokuphakelwa kukagesi izonqunywa ngophenyo lwendawo, futhi uhlelo lokwakha oluhambisanayo lokuthola amandla luzolungiswa.
3, Ukushumeka: ukufeza ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo sesiteshi sohlobo lwebhokisi, futhi ushumeke izingxenye ezihambisanayo namapayipi ensimbi okuvikela ikhebula.
3, Ukufakwa: ngemva kokuba isisekelo sifinyelele ngaphezu kuka-70% wamandla okuklama, isiteshi esincane sohlobo lwebhokisi sizohlolwa ngaphambi kokufika endaweni.Ngemuva kokuthi izesekeli seziqediwe, okokusebenza kusesimweni esihle, futhi akukho ukugqwala noma ukulimala komshini, okokusebenza kungafakwa.Kule nqubo, kufanele namanje sinake ukugcinwa kwesisekelo.
5, Ukuhlola: ngemva kokwakhiwa kwesiteshi sohlobo lwebhokisi sekuqediwe, iyunithi yezokwakha izoqale izenzele ukuzilungisa nokuzihlola yona imishini, bese ibika emnyangweni wokuhlola ngeziqu zokuhlola eziphathiswe iyunithi yokwakha ukungena endaweni. ukuhlola ibhokisi lohlobo lwesiteshi esincane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-08-2022