Ukuphi emhlabeni umsindo ovela ku-transformer?

Umsindo we-transformer uvela ngaphakathi kwe-transformer.I-transformer isekelwe esimisweni sokungeniswa kuka-electromagnetic, efakwe ikhoyili ejikajikayo eseceleni kanye nekhoyili eseceleni yesibili efakwe ngaphakathi, kanye neshidi lensimbi le-silicon elinempahla yokusebenza kazibuthe ephezulu phakathi.Ngaphansi kokujwayelekile izimo, i-coil windings ye-transformer ibalwa ngokusho kwendawo ye-cross-sectional of the core.

Njengoba kukhona ikhoyili ejikajikayo, uma ixhunywe kugesi we-AC 50Hz, kuzoba khona i-excitation current.Ku-AC core coil, kunezingxenye ezimbili zokulahlekelwa, ukulahlekelwa okuguquguqukayo ukulahlekelwa kwesifunda esifushane, okungukuthi, ukulahlekelwa kwethusi, futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, okuyingxenye yamandla asebenzayo kanye nengxenye yamandla asebenzayo.

Le "eddy current" ikhulisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-transformer futhi ishisa ingqikithi ye-transformer, iphakamisa izinga lokushisa le-transformer.

Kukhona ukulahleka kwekhopha okungu-RI ²kukumelana nekhoyili R kanye nokulahleka kwe-iron (ukulahleka kwe-hysteresis nokulahleka kwamanje kwe-eddy) kumongo wensimbi.Ukulahleka kwe-ayoni kucishe kulingane ne-Bm ².Lapho i-frequency yamandla kagesi ilungisiwe, ukulahleka kwensimbi kwekhoyili kuhlobene ne-voltage esebenzayo. Ngokomqondo wokuguquguquka okungaguquki U=4.44fNBmS, i-Bm emaphakathi ngokulingana ne-voltage esetshenzisiwe.Ngamanye amazwi, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kucishe kulingane nesikwele se-voltage esetshenzisiwe.

I-transformer ingakwazi ukwahlulela ukusebenza ngokusho komsindo wokusebenza.Indlela iwukusebenzisa umkhawulo owodwa wenduku yokulalela ethangini likaphethiloli le-transformer, kanti enye iseduze nendlebe ukuze ulalele ngokucophelela umsindo.Uma kungumsindo oqhubekayo othi "yuyu", kusho ukuthi i-transformer isebenza ngokujwayelekile.Uma umsindo we-"yuyu" unzima kunokujwayelekile, hlola i-voltage, izinga lokushisa lamanje kanye ne-oyela ye-transformer ukuze ubone ukuthi kubangelwa i-voltage ngokweqile noma ukulayisha ngokweqile, uma kungenjalo, kubangelwa ikakhulukazi umgogodla wensimbi oxekethile.Uma uzwa umsindo othi "squeak, squeak", hlola ukuthi kukhona i-flashover endaweni ye-casing.Lapho kuzwakala umsindo "wokuqhephuka", kuba khona ukuwohloka kwe-insulation yangaphakathi.

Izici ze-Volt-ampere zesekethe ye-AC yekhoyili ye-iron core

Ukulahlekelwa okungenamthwalo kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: ukulahleka kwamandla asebenzayo kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla asebenzayo.I-Transformer esimweni sesibili se-open-circuit, okuyinhloko kusenayo yamanje ethile, bese iphindaphindwa yi-voltage elinganiselwe eyinhloko izoba nokusetshenziswa okuthile kwamandla, lokhu okwamanje kubizwa ngokuthi akukho-load yamanje.Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla asebenzayo ngokuyisisekelo kubhekisela ekulahlekelweni kwe-hysteresis kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy ku-iron core, okuvame ukuchazwa ekucacisweni kwefekthri noma umbiko wokuhlola we-transformer.Ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwamandla asebenzayo ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa amandla ashukumisayo, acishe alingane namandla angalayishi e-transformer futhi angabalwa ngefomula elandelayo ngokuya nge-no-load current.

Q₀=I₀ (%)/100Se

I-Q₀kufomula isho ukulahleka kwamandla asebenzayo ekulahlekelweni okungalayishiwe, kumayunithi we-kvar.;

I-I₀ (%) ibhekisela kumaphesenti we-transformer no-load yamanje yamanje elinganiselwe.

S₀isilinganiso sibhekisela kumthamo olinganiselwe we-transformer ku-KVA.

Umgomo wokusebenza we-single-phase transformer

Ingxenye esebenzayo ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukumelana nokuvunguza okuyinhloko kanye nokuvuthwa kwesibili kwe-transformer lapho udlula okwamanje, okulingana nesikwele samanje, ngakho-ke ubukhulu bayo buncike emthwalweni namandla we-transformer.Ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwamandla asebenzayo ngokuyinhloko iwukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukuvuza kwe-flux, okungabalwa ngefomula elandelayo.

Qd=Ud (%)/100Se

I-Qd kufomula ibhekisela engxenyeni yokulahlekelwa kwamandla asebenzayo yokulahlekelwa kwesigungu esifushane se-transformer, kumayunithi we-kvar.

I-Ud iphesenti le-voltage ye-short-circuit ku-voltage elinganiselwe;

I-Se ibhekisela kumthamo olinganiselwe we-transformer ku-kvA.